These options are specific to IRT and, thus, not usually provided by GLMM software. Concurrently, the user may request a series of output options that include estimated trait levels for each individual, item and person fit statistics, and item plots. The dialogue box allows the user to specify the model through a point-and-click interface and the syntax version requires a minimal amount of code. In addition to its flexibility, SPIRIT is intuitive and easy to use. Further, SPIRIT allows the item responses to be dichotomous or ordinal, which is a feature not included in some other general purpose GLMM software packages (such as the lme4 package for R) that are often utilized when analyzing item response data. Person and item covariates, multidimensional models, and multi-group designs can be specified to allow users to move beyond basic measurement models into the realm of explanatory IRT models. One of the main advantages of SPIRIT is its flexibility in terms of model specification. Since a one-parameter IRT model is a specific case of a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), the macro utilizes the GENLINMIXED function of SPSS. It is available and easily implemented in SPSS version 21 and above.
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